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Driving to the top of the second-highest mountain in Iceland, Day 4 │ Part 92
2023-05-26
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There are several volcanoes under the ice cap, as under many of the glaciers of Iceland
Bárðarbunga is a sub-glacial stratovolcano under the ice cap of Vatnajökull glacier in the Vatnajökull National Park in Iceland. It rises to 2,009 meters (6,591 ft) above sea level, making it the second-highest mountain in Iceland, about 101 meters (331 ft) lower than Hvannadalshnjúkur. The caldera is about 80 square kilometers, up to 10 km wide and about 700 meters (2,300 ft) deep. The surrounding edges rise to 1,850 meters, but the base is close to 1,100 meters on average. The volcano is covered in ice to a depth of 850m, hiding the glacier-filled crater. The associated volcanic system and fissure swarm is about 190 km long and 25 km wide
Vatnajökull also known as the Water Glacier in English, is the largest and most voluminous ice cap in Iceland, and one of the largest in area in Europe. It is the second largest glacier in area after Austfonna on Svalbard in Norway but, nevertheless, larger by volume. It is located in the south-east of the island, covering more than 9% of the country
Under the ice cap, as under many of the glaciers of Iceland, there are several volcanoes. Eruptions from these volcanoes have led to the development of large pockets of water beneath the ice, which may burst the weakened ice and cause a jökulhlaup (glacial lake outburst flood). During the last ice age, numerous volcanic eruptions occurred under Vatnajökull, creating many subglacial eruptions.
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